- 4 well defined regions
- Maracaibo Lowlands
- Northern Mountains
- Orinoco Plains
- Guiana Shield
- largest river is the Rio Orinoco
- climate can be very diverse
- can start from tropical and go to alpine
- seasons aren't marked as temperature, but by rain
- rainy season is May - November
- temperature ranges between 78.8°F to 82.4°F
